Ukusebenziseka
Ukusebenziseka kalula komvoti kuwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile ohlelweni lokuvota.
Okunye okucatshangelwayo okukhulu kakhulu kokusebenziseka izinga isistimu ethile enciphisa ngayo amavoti angaphansi angahlosiwe (lapho ivoti lingarekhodwa emncintiswaneni) noma ivoti ngokweqile (lapho kubonakala sengathi umvoti ukhethe abantu abaningi emncintiswaneni kunalawo avunyelwe, okwenza ize. wonke amavoti alelo hhovisi).Lawa athathwa “njengamaphutha” futhi avame ukusetshenziselwa ukukala ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu yokuvota.
-- Ama-EVM avimbela iphutha noma azise umvoti ngephutha ngaphambi kokuba kuvotelwe.Eminye futhi iqukethe i-Voter Verified Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) ukuze umvoti akwazi ukubuka irekhodi lephepha levoti lakhe futhi aqinisekise ukuthi lilungile.
-- Umshini wokuskena we-optical scan, lapho amavoti ephepha askenwa khona endaweni yokuvota, ungazisa umvoti ngephutha, lapho umvoti engakwazi ukulungisa iphutha, noma avote ngendlela efanele kubhalothi elisha (ivoti lokuqala alibalwa. ).
-- Umshini wokubala ophakathi nendawo, lapho amavoti eqoqwa ukuze askenwe futhi abalwe endaweni emaphakathi, unganikezi abavoti ithuba lokulungisa iphutha.Izikena zokubala ezimaphakathi zicubungula amavoti ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa yizindawo ezithola inani elikhulu labantu abangekho noma ivoti nge-imeyili.
-- Ama-BMD aphinde abe namandla okuvimbela iphutha lokwazisa umvoti ngephutha ngaphambi kokuba kuvotwe, futhi amavoti angamaphepha angabalwa ezingeni lendawo noma endaweni eyodwa.
-- Amaphepha okuvota abalwe ngesandla awavumeli ithuba lokuba abavoti balungise amavoti amaningi ngokweqile noma amavoti angaphansi.Iphinde yethula nethuba lamaphutha omuntu ekwakhiweni kwamavoti.
Ukufinyeleleka
I-HAVA idinga okungenani idivayisi eyodwa yokuvota efinyelelekayo endaweni ngayinye yokuvota evumela umvoti okhubazekile ukuthi avote ngasese nangokuzimela.
-- Ama-EVM ahlangabezana nezidingo zikahulumeni zokuvumela abavoti abakhubazekile ukuthi bavote ngasese nangokuzimela.
-- Amaphepha okuvota ngokuvamile awanikezi ikhono elifanayo kubavoti abakhubazekile ukuba bavote ngasese futhi ngokuzimela, noma ngenxa yobuchule bezandla, ukubona okuncishisiwe noma okunye ukukhubazeka okwenza iphepha kube nzima ukulisebenzisa.Laba bavoti bangase badinge usizo oluvela komunye umuntu ukuze baphawule ukuvota.Noma, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezimfuneko zenhlangano futhi kunikeze usizo kubavoti abakhubazekile, izindawo ezisebenzisa amavoti angamaphepha zinganikeza idivayisi yokumaka ivoti noma i-EVM, etholakalayo kubavoti abakhetha ukuyisebenzisa.
Auditability
Ukucwaningwa kwesistimu kuhlobene nezinqubo ezimbili zangemuva kokhetho: ukucwaninga kwangemuva kokhetho nokubala kabusha.Ukucwaninga kwangemuva kokhetho kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zokuvota zirekhoda ngokunembile futhi zibalwe namavoti.Akuzona zonke izifunda eziqhuba ucwaningo lwangemva kokhetho futhi inqubo iyahlukahluka kulezo ezikwenzayo, kodwa ngokuvamile ukubalwa kwesandla kwamavoti amaphepha asuka ezindaweni ezikhethwe ngokungahleliwe kuqhathaniswa namanani aphelele abikwe yi-EVM noma isistimu yokuskena okubonakalayo (ulwazi olwengeziwe lungatholakala ku-NCSL's. Ikhasi Lokucwaningwa Kwangemuva Kokhetho).Uma ukubalwa kabusha kudingekile, izifundazwe eziningi ziphinda zibale ngesandla amarekhodi ephepha.
-- Ama-EVM awakhiqizi ivoti lephepha.Ukuze kucwaningwe, bangahlonyiswa nge-voter-verifiable paper audit trail (VVPAT) evumela umvoti ukuthi aqinisekise ukuthi ivoti lakhe liqoshwe ngendlela efanele.Ngama-VVPAT asetshenziselwa ukucwaninga kwangemuva kokhetho nokubala kabusha.Ama-EVM amaningi amadala awafiki ne-VVPAT.Nokho, abanye abathengisi bobuchwepheshe bokhetho bangakwazi ukubuyisela impahla ngamaphrinta e-VVPAT.Ama-VVPAT abukeka njengerisidi eligoqekayo ngemuva kwengilazi lapho ukukhetha komvoti kuboniswe ephepheni.Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abavoti abaningi abakubuyekezi ukukhetha kwabo ku-VVPAT, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile abathathi leso sinyathelo esengeziwe sokuqinisekisa ukuthi ivoti labo liqoshwe ngendlela efanele.
-- Uma usebenzisa amaphepha okuvota, ngamaphepha ngokwawo asetshenziselwa ukucwaninga kwangemuva kokhetho nokubala kabusha.Awukho umzila wephepha owengeziwe odingekayo.
-- Amaphepha okuvota aphinde avumele izikhulu zokhetho ukuthi zihlole amavoti ukuze zibuyekeze inhloso yabavoti.Kuye ngemithetho yezwe, umaki olahlekile noma umbuthano ungase ucatshangelwe lapho kunqunywa inhloso yomvoti, ikakhulukazi esimweni sokubala kabusha.Lokhu akwenzeki nge-EVM, ngisho nalabo abanama-VVPAT.
-- Imishini emisha emisha yokuskena ye-optical scan ingaphinda ikhiqize isithombe sebhalothi esidijithali esingase sisetshenziselwe ukucwaninga, namavoti ephepha angempela asetshenziswa njengesipele.Abanye ochwepheshe bezokuphepha banokukhathazeka ngokusebenzisa irekhodi levoti elidijithali ngokuphambene nokuya erekhodini langempela lephepha, nokho, bekhomba ukuthi noma yini eyenziwe ngekhompyutha inamandla okugetshengwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: 14-09-21
