Ukusebenziseka
Ukusebenziseka lula komvoti yinto ebalulekileyo eqwalaselwayo kwinkqubo yokuvota.
Olona qwalaselo lubalaseleyo lokusebenziseka kubungakanani bokuba inkqubo enikiweyo ithomalalisa iivoti ezingaphantsi ngempazamo (xa kungarekhodwa ivoti elugqatsweni) okanye ivoti kakhulu (xa kubonakala ngathi umvoti ukhethe abagqatswa abaninzi kugqatso kunokuba kuvunyelwe, nto leyo etshitshisayo. zonke iivoti zaloo ofisi).Ezi zithathwa ngokuba "ziimpazamo" kwaye zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yokuvota.
-- Ii-EVM zithintela impazamo okanye zazise umvoti ngempazamo phambi kokuba kuvotelwe.Ezinye zikwanazo iVoter Verified Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) ukuze umvoti akwazi ukujonga irekhodi lephepha levoti yakhe kwaye aqinisekise ukuba ichanekile.
-- Umatshini wokubala we-optical scan, apho iivoti zephepha ziskenwa kwindawo yokuvota, unokwazisa umvoti ngempazamo, kwimeko apho umvoti angayilungisa impazamo, okanye avote ngokuchanekileyo kwivoti entsha (ibhalothi yokuqala ayibalwa. ).
-- Central counting optical scan machine , apho iivoti ziqokelelwa ukuba ziskenwe kwaye zibalwe kwindawo ephakathi, musa ukunika abavoti ukhetho lokulungisa impazamo.Izikena zokubala ezisembindini ziqhuba iivoti ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa yimimandla efumana isixa esikhulu sabantu abangekhoyo okanye ivoti nge-imeyile.
-- Ii-BMDs zikwanako nokuthintela impazamo yokwazisa umvoti ngempazamo phambi kokuba kuvotelwe, kwaye iziphumo zokuvota zingabalwa kwinqanaba le-precinct okanye embindini.
-- Amaphepha okuvota abalwe ngesandla awavumeli ithuba lokuba abavoti balungise iivoti ezigqithisileyo okanye abavoti abangaphantsi.Ikwazisa nethuba lempazamo yomntu ekudweliseni iivoti.
Ukufikeleleka
I-HAVA ifuna ubuncinci isixhobo sokuvota esifikelelekayo kwindawo nganye yokuvota evumela umvoti okhubazekileyo ukuba avote ngasese nangokuzimeleyo.
- Ii-EVMs zihlangabezana neemfuno zomdibaniso wokuvumela abavoti abakhubazekileyo ukuba bavote ngasese nangokuzimeleyo.
-- Iphepha lokuvota aliboneleli ngesakhono esifanayo kubavoti abakhubazekileyo ukuba bavote ngasese nangokuzimeleyo, nokuba kungenxa yobugcisa bezandla, umbono oncitshisiweyo okanye ezinye iziphene ezenza iphepha libe nzima ukulisebenzisa.Aba bavoti banokufuna uncedo oluvela komnye umntu ukuze baphawule ukuvota.Okanye, ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zomdibaniso kunye nokubonelela ngoncedo kubavoti abakhubazekileyo, amagunya asebenzisa amaphepha okuvota anganikezela nokuba isixhobo sokumakisha ibhalothi okanye i-EVM, efumanekayo kubavoti abakhetha ukusisebenzisa.
Ukuphicothwa kweencwadi
Ukuphicothwa kwenkqubo kunxulumene neenkqubo ezimbini zasemva konyulo: uphicotho lwasemva konyulo nokubalwa kwakhona.Uphicotho lwasemva konyulo luqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zokuvota zirekhoda ngokuchanekileyo kwaye zibala iivoti.Ayingawo onke amazwe aqhuba uphicotho lwasemva konyulo kwaye inkqubo iyahluka kwabo benzayo, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ukubalwa kwesandla samaphepha okuvota asuka kwiindawo ezikhethwe ngokungenamkhethe kuthelekiswa neetotali ezichazwe yi-EVM okanye inkqubo yokuskena i-optical scan (ulwazi olongezelelekileyo lunokufumaneka kwi-NCSL's). Iphepha loPhicotho lwasemva koNyulo).Ukuba ukubalwa kwakhona kuyafuneka, amazwe amaninzi aphinda abambe ngesandla amarekhodi ephepha.
-- Ii-EVM azenzi bhalothi yephepha.Ukuphicothwa, banokuxhotyiswa nge-voter-verrifiable paper audit trail (VVPAT) evumela umvoti ukuba aqinisekise ukuba ivoti yakhe ibhalwe ngokuchanekileyo.Zii-VVPAT ezisetyenziselwa uphicotho lwasemva konyulo kunye nokubalwa kwakhona.Ii-EVM ezininzi ezindala azifiki ne-VVPAT.Nangona kunjalo, abanye abathengisi betekhnoloji yonyulo banokubuyisela izixhobo kunye neeprinta zeVVPAT.Ii-VVPAT zikhangeleka njengerisithi eqengqelekayo emva kweglasi apho ukhetho lomvoti luboniswe ephepheni.Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba uninzi lwabavoti aluphononongi ukhetho lwabo kwi-VVPAT, kwaye ke ngoko aluthathi elo nyathelo elongezelelweyo lokuqinisekisa ukuba ivoti yabo irekhodwe ngokuchanekileyo.
-- Xa kusetyenziswa amaphepha okuvota, ngamaphepha ngokwawo asetyenziselwa uphicotho lwasemva konyulo nokubalwa kwakhona.Akukho mzila wephepha owongezelelweyo oyimfuneko.
-- Iphepha lokuvota likwavumela amagosa onyulo ukuba ahlolisise iivoti ukuphonononga injongo yabavoti.Ngokuxhomekeke kwimithetho karhulumente, inqaku elilahlekileyo okanye isangqa sinokuqwalaselwa xa kumiselwa injongo yomvoti, ngakumbi xa kubalwa kwakhona.Oku akunakwenzeka nge-EVM, kwanabo bane-VVPATs.
-- Oomatshini abatsha bokuskena banokwenza umfanekiso webhalothi yedijithali enokuthi isetyenziselwe uphicotho, kunye nephepha lokuvota langempela elisetyenziswa njenge-backup.Ezinye iingcali zokhuseleko zinenkxalabo malunga nokusebenzisa irekhodi yevoti yedijithali ngokuchasene nokuya kwirekhodi langempela lephepha, nangona kunjalo, libonisa ukuba nantoni na ekhompyutheni inamandla okutshatyalaliswa.
Ixesha lokuthumela: 14-09-21
