Isticmaalka
Isticmaalka fudud ee cod-bixiyuhu waa tixgalin muhiim ah oo loogu talagalay nidaamka cod-bixinta.
Mid ka mid ah tixgelinta ugu weyn ee isticmaalka ayaa ah ilaa xadka nidaamka la bixiyay uu yareeyo hoos-u-dhaca aan ula kac ahayn (marka codbixinta aan la diiwaan gelin tartanka) ama codadka ka badan (marka ay u muuqato in codbixiyuhu uu doortay musharaxiin badan oo tartan ah oo ka badan inta la ogol yahay, taas oo burinaysa. dhammaan codadka xafiiskaas).Kuwaas waxaa loo tixgeliyaa "qalad" waxaana badanaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu cabbiro waxtarka nidaamka codbixinta.
-- EVM-yadu waxay ka hortagaan khaladka ama waxay ku wargeliyaan cod-bixiyaha khaladka ka hor intaan codaynta la dhiibin.Qaar ka mid ah sidoo kale waxaa ku jira Raadinta Hantidhawrka Waraaqda La Xaqiijiyay (VVPAT) si cod-bixiyuhu u arko diiwaanka warqadda codkiisa oo uu u xaqiijiyo inay sax tahay.
-- Mashiinka iskaanka indhaha ee goobta tirinta, oo waraaqaha waraaqaha lagu sawiro goobta codbixinta, ayaa ku wargelin kara cod-bixiyaha khaladka, markaas cod-bixiyuhu wuu hagaajin karaa khaladka, ama u codayn karaa si sax ah warqad cusub (codbixinta asalka ah lama tirin karo). ).
-- Mashiinka iskaanka indhaha ee tirinta dhexe, halkaas oo waraaqaha codbixinta lagu ururiyo in lagu sawiro laguna tiriyo meel dhexe, ma siin codbixiyayaasha ikhtiyaarka ah inay hagaajiyaan qaladka.scanners count Central ayaa si degdeg ah u habeeya waraaqaha cod bixinta, waxaana inta badan isticmaala awoodaha hela cadad badan oo maqnaansho ah ama warqad codbixin ah oo boosta ah.
-- BMD-yadu waxa kale oo ay awood u leeyihiin in ay ka hortagaan khaladka ay ku wargeliyaan cod-bixiyaha khaladka ka hor inta aan cod-bixinta la dhiibin, warqadaha waraaqaha ah ee ka soo baxana waxa lagu tirin karaa heer degmo ama meel dhexe.
-- Waraaqaha gacanta lagu tiriyey ma ogola fursadda cod-bixiyayaasha si ay u saxaan cod-dhaafka ama hoos-u-dhaca.Waxa kale oo ay soo bandhigaysaa fursadda khaladka bini'aadamka ee ku saabsan samaynta codadka.
Helitaanka
HAVA waxay u baahan tahay ugu yaraan hal qalab oo codbixineed oo la heli karo meel kasta oo codbixineed kaas oo u oggolaanaya cod-bixiyaha naafada ah inuu si gaar ah oo madax-bannaan u codeeyo.
-- EVM-yadu waxay buuxiyaan shuruudaha federaalka si loogu oggolaado cod-bixiyayaasha naafada ah inay si gaar ah iyo si madax-bannaan codkooda u dhiibtaan.
-- Warqadaha waraaqaha ah sida caadiga ah ma bixiyaan awood isku mid ah cod-bixiyayaasha naafada ah inay si gaar ah iyo si madax-bannaan u codeeyaan, sababtuna tahay hab-farshaxannimada gacanta, hoos u dhaca aragga ama naafanimada kale ee ka dhigaysa warqad adag in la isticmaalo.Cod-bixiyayaashani waxa laga yaabaa inay u baahan yihiin caawimo qof kale si ay u calaamadiyaan warqadda codbixinta.Ama, si loo buuxiyo shuruudaha federaalka oo loo bixiyo caawimada codbixiyayaasha naafada ah, awoodaha isticmaala waraaqaha waraaqaha ayaa laga yaabaa inay bixiyaan qalab calaamadaynta codbixinta ama EVM, oo ay heli karaan codbixiyayaasha doorta inay isticmaalaan.
Hantidhawrka
Hantidhawrka nidaamku waxa uu la xidhiidhaa laba hab oo doorashada ka dib: xisaab xidhka doorashada ka dib iyo dib u tirinta.Hantidhawrka doorashada ka dib ayaa xaqiijiya in nidaamyada codbixintu ay si sax ah u diiwaangelinayaan oo ay u tirinayaan codadka.Dhammaan gobolada oo dhan ma sameeyaan xisaab xidhka doorashada ka dib hanaankuna wuu ku kala duwan yahay kuwa sameeya, laakiin sida caadiga ah tirinta warqadaha waraaqaha ah ee laga soo doortay meelo aan kala sooc lahayn ayaa marka la barbar dhigo wadarta guud ee ay soo warisay EVM ama nidaamka iskaanka indhaha (macluumaad dheeraad ah ayaa laga heli karaa NCSL's Bogga Hantidhawrka Doorashada Kadib).Haddii dib u tirinta ay lagama maarmaan tahay, gobollo badan ayaa sidoo kale sameeya dib-u-tirinta gacanta ee diiwaannada waraaqaha.
-- EVM-yadu ma dhaliyaan warqad cod-bixineed.Hanti-dhawrka, waxa lagu qalabayn karaa cod-bixiyuhu raad-raac xisaab hubineed (VVPAT) kaasoo u oggolaanaya cod-bixiyuhu inuu xaqiijiyo in codkiisa si sax ah loo duubay.Waa VVPAT-yada loo isticmaalo xisaab xidhka iyo dib u tirinta doorashada kadib.Qaar badan oo EVM-yada da'da ah lama yimaadaan VVPAT.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, qaar ka mid ah iibiyaasha tignoolajiyada doorashada waxay dib u habeyn karaan qalabka daabacadaha VVPAT.VVPAT-yadu waxay u egyihiin rasiidh wareegta gadaasha dhalada halkaasoo doorashada codbixiyayaashu ay ku qoran yihiin warqad.Daraasaduhu waxay muujinayaan in cod-bixiyayaasha badankoodu aanay dib-u-eegis ku samayn doorashadooda VVPAT, oo sidaas awgeed caadi ahaan ma qaadaan tallaabadaas dheeraadka ah ee xaqiijinta in codkooda si sax ah loo duubay.
-- Markaad isticmaalayso warqadaha codbixinta, waa warqadaha codbixinta laftooda kuwa loo isticmaalo xisaabinta doorashada ka dib iyo dib u tirinta.Looma baahna raad waraaqo dheeraad ah.
-- Warqadaha cod bixinta waxay sidoo kale u oggolaanayaan saraakiisha doorashada inay baadhaan warqadaha cod bixinta si ay dib ugu eegaan ulajeedka cod-bixiyaha.Iyada oo ku xidhan sharciga gobolka, calaamad ama goobaabin ayaa laga yaabaa in la tixgeliyo marka la go'aaminayo ujeedada codbixiyaha, gaar ahaan kiiska dib u tirinta.Tani suurtagal maaha EVM, xitaa kuwa leh VVPATs.
-- Mashiinnada iskaanka indhaha ee cusub ayaa sidoo kale dhalin kara sawirka codbixinta dhijitaalka ah ee loo isticmaali karo xisaabinta, iyada oo waraaqaha codbixinta ee dhabta ah loo isticmaalo kayd ahaan.Qaar ka mid ah khubarada amniga ayaa walaac ka qaba isticmaalka diiwaanka codbixinta dhijitaalka ah ee ka soo horjeeda in la aado diiwaanka waraaqaha dhabta ah, si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyaga oo tilmaamaya in wax kasta oo kombuyuutar lagu sameeyay ay suurtagal tahay in la jabsado.
Waqtiga boostada: 14-09-21
