Isubiramo ry'ibicuruzwa
Mu matora, ikarita y’itora ni gihamya yerekana umwirondoro w’itora, byerekana ko uwatoye yiyandikishije ku mugaragaro mu gihe cyo kwiyandikisha kw’itora, kandi uwatoye afite intego yo kwitabira amatora.Ikarita y'itora igira uruhare runini mu kwemeza “umugabo umwe gutora” no guharanira ko amatora akorwa neza.Nibyingenzi byingenzi byinganda gukoresha ibikoresho byo kubara hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga hamwe namakarita yubwenge hamwe numutekano muke, byoroshye gusoma no kwandika kugirango bisimbuze indangamuntu gakondo mumatora.
Hamwe na tekinoroji ya IC ikarita nkibanze na mudasobwa hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho nkuburyo, ikarita yubwenge ihuza ibikoresho biri imbere yinyubako yubwenge muri rusange.Ikarita ya IC irashobora gukoreshwa nkurufunguzo rusanzwe kandi irashobora gukora igishoro no kwitabira, hamwe nibikorwa bimwe na bimwe byo kugenzura, nko gufungura umuryango ukoresheje ikarita, kurya, guhaha, imyidagaduro, inama, parikingi, irondo, biro, serivisi zishyuza n'ikarita.
Ikarita yubwenge irashobora kugabanywamo amakarita meza yubwenge, amakarita ya CPU namakarita yo kwibuka.Ukurikije uburyo bwo gusoma no kwandika bwikarita yubwenge, irashobora kugabanwa mukarita ya IC ikarita hamwe na IC ikarita.Tekinoroji yumutekano ya chip na COS itanga garanti yumutekano kubikarita ya CPU.Ikarita ya CPU hamwe na sisitemu yayo ikora ifite ibisabwa byo hasi ya sisitemu ya mudasobwa kandi irashobora gukoreshwa kumurongo.Ikarita yo kwibuka igomba gukoreshwa muburyo bwiza bwurusobe.Ikarita nyayo-ikarita myinshi-irashobora kugerwaho, kandi buri progaramu irigenga kandi igenzurwa na sisitemu yingenzi yo kuyobora.Ifite imikorere yo kwemeza indangamuntu, ishobora kwemeza indangamuntu yemewe nabafite ikarita, ikarita yikarita, hamwe namakarita.Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkigikoresho cyo kwishyura no kwishura kugirango wirinde ikibazo cyo gutwara amafaranga menshi nimpinduka, kugirango tunoze imikorere yibikorwa.Muri icyo gihe, ifite ibikoresho byumutekano, ikoresha urufunguzo rujyanye no gushishoza, gufungura no gutunganya ibicuruzwa, kugirango urangize ibyemezo byumutekano hamwe namakarita yabakoresha.Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkabatwara amakuru, kandi ikarita ya CPU irashobora gukoreshwa nkumutwara wizewe kumadosiye yumuntu cyangwa amakuru yingenzi, kandi amakuru arashobora kubikwa byibuze imyaka 10.
Kubijyanye no kubara hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, turashobora gutanga ubwoko butandukanye bwamakarita yamatora yubwenge hamwe na protocole itandukanye y'itumanaho, ubushobozi butandukanye bwo kubika hamwe n’inzego zitandukanye zemeza umutekano, kandi dushobora kandi gukoresha indangamuntu zifite ubwenge zisanzwe z’abaturage kugira ngo hemezwe indangamuntu.Turashobora gutanga serivisi zuzuye kubikorwa byamakarita yamatora, harimo gukora chip, gupakira, sisitemu-kuri-chip (SoC) kugena ibicuruzwa, gupakira porogaramu, kugena ikarita yihariye, gucapa anti-mpimbano, kwandika amakuru yihariye, guhuza gahunda y’amatora, nibindi. Ikarita yubwenge yatanzwe yujuje ubuziranenge mpuzamahanga.Kurugero, protocole yitumanaho ihuye na ISO7816, ISO14443 nibindi bipimo, naho chip yumutekano ihuye na CC EAL4, icyemezo cya EAL5.Ifasha kandi gusoma no kwandika inshuro nyinshi, kandi irashobora gukoresha ibikoresho byangiza ibidukikije PET hamwe no kurwanya kwambara, kurwanya ruswa hamwe nubuzima bwa serivisi bwimyaka irenga 10.
Ikoreshwa ry'amakarita y'amatora mu matora rishobora kugera ku ntego yo gutanga amakarita rimwe kandi rikagira agaciro igihe kirekire, bivuze ko abatora bashobora gukoresha amakarita yo kwandikisha abatora no gutora muri buri matora.
