Kugwiritsa ntchito
Kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta kwa ovota ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuvota.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi momwe dongosolo loperekedwa limachepetsera kuvotera kopanda dala (pamene voti silinalembedwe pampikisano) kapena kupitilira mavoti (pamene zikuwoneka kuti wovota wasankha anthu ambiri pampikisano kuposa omwe amaloledwa, zomwe zimalepheretsa mavoti onse a ofesiyo).Izi zimatengedwa ngati "zolakwika" ndipo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mphamvu ya voti.
-- Ma EVM amaletsa zolakwika kapena kudziwitsa wovota za cholakwika voti isanaponyedwe.Zina zilinso ndi Voter Verified Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) kuti wovota athe kuwona zolemba za voti yake ndikutsimikizira kuti ndizolondola.
-- Precinct counting optical scan machine, pomwe mavoti amawunikidwa pamalo oponya voti, amatha kudziwitsa wovota za cholakwika, pomwe wovota amatha kukonza cholakwikacho, kapena kuvota molondola pa voti yatsopano (kuvota koyambirira sikuwerengedwa. ).
-- Central counting Optical scan machine, pomwe mavoti amasonkhanitsidwa kuti awonedwe ndi kuwerengedwa pakatikati, osapatsa ovota mwayi wokonza cholakwika.Ma scanner apakati amakonza mavoti mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi maulamuliro omwe amalandira ovota ambiri omwe sanabwere kapena kuvota ndi imelo.
-- Ma BMD alinso ndi kuthekera koletsa cholakwika chodziwitsa wovota za cholakwika voti isanaponyedwe, ndipo mavoti amapepala amatha kuwerengedwa pamlingo wapakati kapena pakati.
- Mavoti owerengera pamanja salola kuti ovota athe kukonza mavoti ochulukirapo kapena ochepera.Zimaperekanso mwayi wa zolakwika za anthu polemba mavoti.
Kufikika
HAVA imafuna chida chimodzi chopezeka povotera pamalo aliwonse omwe amalola wovota olumala kuponya mavoti mwachinsinsi komanso modziyimira pawokha.
- Ma EVM amakwaniritsa zomwe boma likufuna polola ovota olumala kuponya mavoti mwachinsinsi komanso mwaokha.
-- Kuvotera pamapepala nthawi zambiri sikumapereka kuthekera kofanana kwa ovota omwe ali ndi zilema kuti avote mwachinsinsi komanso mwaokha, mwina chifukwa cha luso lamanja, kuchepa kwa maso kapena kulumala kwina komwe kumapangitsa pepala kukhala lovuta kugwiritsa ntchito.Ovotawa angafunike thandizo kuchokera kwa munthu wina kuti awonetse voti.Kapena, kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za boma ndikupereka thandizo kwa ovota olumala, madera omwe amagwiritsa ntchito kuvota pamapepala atha kukhala ndi chida cholembera voti kapena EVM, yopezeka kwa ovota omwe asankha kuzigwiritsa ntchito.
Auditability
Kuwunika kwadongosolo kumakhudzana ndi njira ziwiri zomwe zimachitika pambuyo pa zisankho: kuunika kwa pambuyo pa chisankho ndi kuwerengeranso.Kufufuza pambuyo pa zisankho kumatsimikizira kuti mavoti akulemba molondola ndikuwerengera mavoti.Sikuti mayiko onse amachita kafukufuku pambuyo pa zisankho ndipo ndondomekoyi imasiyana ndi yomwe imachita, koma nthawi zambiri chiwerengero cha voti kuchokera kumalo osankhidwa mwachisawawa chimafaniziridwa ndi chiwerengero cha EVM kapena optical scan system (zambiri zitha kupezeka pa NCSL's. Tsamba Lowunika Pambuyo pa Chisankho).Ngati kuwerengera kuli kofunikira, mayiko ambiri amabwerezanso zolemba pamapepala.
-- Ma EVM sapanga voti yamapepala.Kuti athe kuwerengera, atha kukhala ndi njira yowerengera voti (VVPAT) yomwe imalola wovota kutsimikizira kuti voti yake idalembedwa molondola.Ndi ma VVPAT omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza ndi kubwereza zisankho pambuyo pa chisankho.Ma EVM ambiri akale samabwera ndi VVPAT.Komabe, ena ogulitsa ukadaulo wamasankho amatha kubweza zida ndi osindikiza a VVPAT.Ma VVPAT amawoneka ngati risiti yozungulira kuseri kwa galasi pomwe zosankha za ovota zimawonetsedwa papepala.Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti ovota ambiri sawunikanso zomwe asankha pa VVPAT, choncho nthawi zambiri satenga gawo lowonjezera lotsimikizira kuti voti yawo idalembedwa molondola.
-- Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mapepala ovotera, ndi mapepala okha omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza pambuyo pa chisankho ndikuwerengeranso.Palibe njira yowonjezera yamapepala yofunikira.
-- Kuvotera kwa mapepala kumalolanso akuluakulu a zisankho kuti awunikenso zomwe ovota akufuna.Kutengera ndi malamulo a boma, chizindikiro chosokera kapena bwalo lingathe kuganiziridwa posankha zolinga za ovota, makamaka powerengeranso.Izi sizingatheke ndi EVM, ngakhale omwe ali ndi VVPAT.
- Makina atsopano ojambulira atha kupanganso chithunzi cha voti ya digito yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito powunika, ndi mapepala enieni omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zosunga zobwezeretsera.Akatswiri ena achitetezo ali ndi nkhawa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mavoti a digito kusiyana ndi kupita ku zolemba zenizeni zamapepala, komabe, akuwonetsa kuti chilichonse chomwe chili pakompyuta chingathe kubedwa.
Nthawi yotumiza: 14-09-21
