EVM (Electronic Voting Machine) ua li cas?
Electronic voting machine (EVM) yog ib qho khoom sivuas tso cai rau cov neeg pov npav pov npav hauv tshuab hluav taws xob, tsis yog siv daim ntawv pov npav lossis lwm yam kev cai.EVMs tau siv nyob rau ntau lub tebchaws thoob ntiaj teb, xws li Is Nrias teb, Brazil, Estonia, thiab Philippines, txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo, raug, thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov txheej txheem xaiv tsa.Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm EVMs thiab lawv qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo.
EVM yog dab tsi?
EVM yog lub tshuab uas muaj ob chav: chav tswj hwm thiab chav pov npav.Lub chaw tswj hwm yog ua haujlwm los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm xaiv tsa, uas tuaj yeem qhib lub chaw xaiv tsa rau cov neeg xaiv tsa, saib xyuas cov pov npav xaiv tsa, thiab kaw qhov kev xaiv tsa.Lub chaw pov npav yog siv los ntawm tus neeg pov npav, leej twg tuaj yeem nias lub pob ib sab ntawm lub npe lossis lub cim ntawm tus neeg sib tw lossis tog uas lawv xaiv.Tom qab ntawd qhov kev pov npav yuav raug kaw rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm chav tswj hwm thiab ib daim ntawv txais lossis cov ntaub ntawv raug luam tawm los ua pov thawj.
Muaj ntau hom EVMs, nyob ntawm seb lub tshuab siv.Qee cov EVMs siv cov tshuab hluav taws xob kaw ncaj qha (DRE), qhov twg cov neeg xaiv tsa kov lub vijtsam lossis nias lub pob kom cim thiab pov npav pov npav.Qee cov EVMs siv cov cuab yeej pov npav (BMD), qhov twg cov neeg pov npav siv lub vijtsam lossis lub cuab yeej los cim lawv cov kev xaiv thiab tom qab ntawd luam daim ntawv pov npav uas tau luam tawm los ntawm lub tshuab luam ntawv kho qhov muag.Qee cov EVMs siv cov kev xaiv tsa hauv online lossis kev pov npav hauv internet, qhov twg cov neeg pov npav siv lub khoos phis tawj lossis lub xov tooj ntawm tes los cim thiab pov npav lawv online.
Vim li cas EVMs tseem ceeb?
EVMs tseem ceeb vim tias lawv tuaj yeem muab ntau yam txiaj ntsig rau kev xaiv tsa thiab kev ywj pheej.Qee qhov txiaj ntsig no yog:
1.Ceev duasuav thiab xa cov txiaj ntsig kev xaiv tsa.EVMs tuaj yeem txo lub sijhawm thiab kev siv dag zog uas yuav tsum tau suav thiab xa cov ntawv pov npav los ntawm tus kheej, uas tuaj yeem ua kom nrawm tshaj tawm cov txiaj ntsig thiab txo qhov tsis paub meej thiab kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov neeg pov npav thiab cov neeg sib tw.
2.Kev ntseeg ntau ntxiv hauv kev xaiv tsa raws li tib neeg kev ua yuam kev raug zam.EVMs tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov yuam kev thiab qhov tsis sib xws uas yuav tshwm sim vim tib neeg, xws li kev nyeem tsis raug, suav tsis raug, lossis cuam tshuam nrog cov ntawv xaiv tsa.EVMs tseem tuaj yeem muab txoj hauv kev tshawb xyuas thiab cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg uas tuaj yeem siv los txheeb xyuas thiab rov suav cov pov npav yog tias xav tau.
3.Kev txo nqi thaum thov EVMs ntawm ntau qhov kev xaiv tsa.EVMs tuaj yeem txo cov nuj nqis uas cuam tshuam nrog kev luam ntawv, thauj, khaws cia, thiab pov tseg cov ntawv pov npav, uas tuaj yeem txuag tau nyiaj thiab peev txheej rau pawg tswj hwm kev xaiv tsa thiab tsoomfwv.
Yuav ua li cas thiaj li muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tau zoo ntawm EVMs?
Txhawm rau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab siv tau zoo ntawm EVMs, qee qhov kev ntsuas uas tuaj yeem ua tau yog:
1.Kev sim thiab lees paub EVMs ua ntej xa mus.EVMs yuav tsum tau kuaj thiab ntawv pov thawj los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij lossis cov koom haum ua haujlwm kom ntseeg tau tias lawv ua tau raws li cov qauv kev qhia thiab cov kev xav tau rau kev ua haujlwm, kev ruaj ntseg, kev siv tau, kev siv tau, thiab lwm yam.
2.Kev cob qhia thiab cob qhia cov thawj coj xaiv tsa thiab cov neeg pov npav yuav ua li cas siv EVMs.Cov tub ceev xwm xaiv tsa thiab cov neeg pov npav yuav tsum tau kawm thiab cob qhia txog kev khiav haujlwm thiab teeb meem EVM, nrog rau yuav ua li cas qhia thiab daws txhua yam teeb meem lossis xwm txheej uas yuav tshwm sim.
3.Ua raws li kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem los tiv thaiv EVMs los ntawm kev tawm tsam.EVMs yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev ntsuas lub cev thiab cyber kev ruaj ntseg thiab cov txheej txheem, xws li encryption, authentication, firewalls, antivirus, locks, seals, thiab lwm yam. Lub EVMs yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua txhawm rau txheeb xyuas thiab tiv thaiv kev nkag mus tsis tau lossis cuam tshuam.
4.Muab ib daim ntawv taug kev los yog cov ntaub ntawv rau kev txheeb xyuas thiab txheeb xyuas lub hom phiaj.EVMs yuav tsum muab ib daim ntawv taug kev lossis cov ntaub ntawv pov npav pov npav, los ntawm kev luam ntawv daim ntawv txais lossis cov ntaub ntawv rau tus neeg pov npav lossis khaws daim ntawv pov npav rau hauv lub thawv kaw.Daim ntawv taug kev lossis cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau siv los txheeb xyuas thiab txheeb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig hauv hluav taws xob, tsis hais los yog ua tiav, kom ntseeg tau tias lawv qhov tseeb thiab kev ncaj ncees.
EVMs yog ib qho tseem ceeb innovationuas tuaj yeem txhim kho txoj kev xaiv tsa thiab kev ywj pheej.Txawm li cas los xij, lawv kuj ua rau qee qhov teeb meem thiab kev pheej hmoo uas yuav tsum tau daws thiab txo qis.Los ntawm kev siv cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov qauv, EVMs tuaj yeem siv tau zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig los txhim kho kev pov npav thiab cov txiaj ntsig rau txhua tus.
Post lub sij hawm: 17-07-23
